The Rwandan Genocide - 604 Words

The Rwandan Genocide In the middle of Africa there lies a small country by the name of Rwanda. Rwanda is made up of three different ethnic groups: the Twa (a group of aboriginals who were the first to settle there), the Hutu, and the Tutsi. Starting in the mid 1990’s, Rwanda was thrown into a terrible genocide stemming from deep ethnic hatred between the Hutus and the Tutsi. This atrocity was not readily noticed or acted upon by the rest of the world at first, but would soon shock it with the horrors that took place. Although Rwanda was not always like this, the events that preceded it certainly lead the country on a dark path of hatred and killing. The first settlers in Rwanda were the Twa, a group of hunters/gatherers who didn’t interact much with the rest of the population, and while the exact time they settled is unknown, they were there from before the Roman Era. Next came the Hutu. These settlers were traditionally farmers and crop growers, and worked on the land. The last people to come were the Tutsi, who migrated somewhere in the 1300’s. Because the Tutsi were traditionally herdsmen, the nature of their job lended them to owning land. Considering the customary job of the Hutu, they were the ones who would work on the Tutsis’ farms. Because of this, the Hutus would naturally outnumber the Tutsi. This did not cause a class distinction or ethnic hatred at first, however, simply because the idea of separate classes had not come to them. In this period of time theShow MoreRelatedThe Genocide Of The Rwandan Genocide Essay1711 Words   |  7 PagesThe Rwandan Genocide took place in 1994 and involved members of the Hutu mass killing Tutsi and Tutsi sympathizers who were Hutu. The genocide resulted in the deaths of around 800,000 people, majority Tutsi. The separation of classes came from Belgian internationals creating the two ethnic classes and giving power to the Tutsi who were taller and had lighter skin, and generally appeared more European. In response to this, after the country gained independence from Belgium, Hutu extremists gatheredRead MoreThe Rwandan Genocide And The Genocide1654 Words   |  7 PagesMiranda Shearer Mrs. Sohal/ Mrs. Love Period 3 17 October 2014 The Rwandan Genocide A genocide is defined as the deliberate killing of a group of people, especially of a certain ethnicity. By that definition and almost any other a dictionary could define, the killing of the Tutsis was certainly a genocide.The Rwandan Genocide occurred in 1994, in an African country called Rwanda. A long history of building friction between the Hutus and the Tutsis undeniably caused the mass murder of over 800,000Read MoreThe Genocide Of The Rwandan Genocide1421 Words   |  6 PagesThe Rwanda Genocide was an unfortunate case where thousands of deaths could have been prevented, but because of irresponsibility and selfishness of global governments’ innocent lives were lost. The Genocide began on April 6, 1994 and was, â€Å"initiated by the Hutu political elite and extremists and its military support, their prime targets were the Tutsi, as well as Hutu moderates.† (Hain 2) The Hutu made up majority of the population and government officials and enforced a government-ass isted militaryRead MoreThe Rwandan Genocide Essay959 Words   |  4 PagesThe problems of today can often be traced in the beginnings of yesterday. The Rwandan Genocide was a divisive division of two groups that culminated in the mass murder of nearly 500,000 Rwandans, three-fourths of the population. The tactful subterfuge by the ruling party fueled the separation of two ethnic groups that reminisce the events in Europe 55 years earlier. Naturally, the question becomes, how? Simply speaking it was the indifference of global elites and political demagoguery that incitedRead MoreThe Rwandan Genocide And The Genocide866 Words   |  4 PagesThe Rwandan genocide occurred during the period of April to July of 1994. This genocide was as a result of the Hutu ethnic majority slaughtering the Tutsi minority. During this period as much as 800,000 Tutsis were killed. The genocide was started by Hutu extremists in the capital of Kigali and the genocide soon spread across the country. Despi te all of this there were several survivors of the genocide. Immaculee Ilibagiza is one of those people. Immaculee Ilibagiza was born in 1972. She is theRead MoreThe Rwandan Genocide1335 Words   |  5 PagesRwanda is a country made up of a population with three ethnic communities, the two main communities, the Hutu and Tutsi and an additional community of Twa (or pygmies) who all spoke the same language, Kinyarwanda or Rwandan (Clapham, 1998). There is a stereotype of appearance attributed to these two main communities, with Tutsi being seen as tall and having an aquiline shaped nose, and the Hutu as being short and flat-nosed (Clapham, 1998). In the pre-colonial state of Rwanda, it was the TutsisRead MoreThe Genocide Of The Rwandan Genocide2458 Words   |  10 PagesGenocide has been plaguing the world for hundreds of years. Millions of innocent lives have been taken all for the sake of prejudice. One of the most atrocious aspects of genocide is that a large percentage of them are sponsored by the state in which they are taking place. Over the years scholars have studied just wha t motivates a state to engage in such awful behavior. What motivates them? Why would they do such horrendous things to their own citizens? Is it solely for some economic incentive, orRead MoreThe Genocide Of The Rwandan Genocide Essay2042 Words   |  9 Pagespeople that commit genocide; we are all capable of it. It’s our evolutionary history† (James Lovelock). According to the Oxford dictionary, genocide is defined as â€Å"the deliberate killing of a large group of people, especially those of a particular nation or ethnic group.† Although it may be hard to believe, genocides have occurred all over the world and all throughout time. There have been well documented genocides such as the Holocaust. Additionally, there have also been genocides that have barelyRead MoreThe Rwandan Genocide1188 Words   |  5 PagesRwandan Genocide The Rwandan Genocide began on April 6, 1994 and lasted for about 100 days (History). The two groups involved, the Hutus and Tutsis, were in a massive conflict after their president was killed. The Hutus brutally killed about 800,000 Tutsis and supporters. This tragic genocide was not stopped by other countries during its peak, leaving the world wondering why. As we commemorate the 20th anniversary of the Rwandan Genocide, it is important to be informed about the tragedy. The wayRead MoreThe Rwandan Genocide And The Genocide1637 Words   |  7 PagesWith over eight hundred thousand to one million deaths, the Rwandan genocide is undoubtedly one of the most sad and shocking examples of the lack of intervention by not only the US and the UN, but by other countries as well. The ongoing tensions between the Hutu, the largest population in Rwanda, and the Tutsi, the smaller and more elite population is what eventually lead to the Rwandan genocide. The killings began quickly after President Habyarimana s plane was shot down. After hundreds of thousands

Shale Gas And Its Effects On Human Health Essay - 2163 Words

Due to innovations in technologies and techniques involved with shale gas extraction, shale gas production in the United States, as well its natural gas production as a whole, as increased tremendously over the past several decades. As the abundance of domestic energy continues to grow, American consumers have observed declines in gas prices across the nation. However, cheap gas comes with a price: the negative impacts that cheap oil prices and shale gas extraction have on the U.S.’s environment, economics, and political relations raises questions as to whether America’s shale gas revolution is entirely beneficial. Although shale gas offers the potential for abundant and cheap energy and reduced reliance on foreign energy, the harmful impacts on human health and the environment caused by shale gas extraction as well as the negative effects of cheap oil prices on foreign and national economies and the geopolitical imbalances caused by the shift in energy dominance outwei gh the benefits of shale oil. The process of extracting shale gas today involves two methods: horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing. Horizontal drilling enables the well to conform to the formation and extract gas from thousands of meters below the entrance of the well. Because the shale rock formation is typically flat and approximately 90 meters thick, this method of drilling maximizes the area of rock that is in contact with the wellbore – in comparison to vertical wells, horizontal wells reduceShow MoreRelatedFracking Technology On Extraction Of Shale Gas And Oil Essay1041 Words   |  5 PagesFracking technology. What are the environmental and health issues related to fracking technology on extraction of shale gas and oil? Unconventional gas and oil extraction process known as hydraulic fracturing, hydrofracking or fracking is a technique used to extract shale gas and oil, on which high pressure fluid is injected, mainly water, containing sand, chemicals or other granular materials which are pumped with a fluid medium under pressure into rock, so that fractures formed in this processRead MoreFracking And The Gas Industry1573 Words   |  7 PagesSince the turn of the millennium, hydraulic fracturing - a process for extracting natural gas- has spread rapidly across the United States. High volume hydraulic fracturing, or â€Å"fracking,† is a process in which water and chemicals are injected into shale formations underground in order to release trapped natural gas. As fracking spreads throughout the United States, there are more and more reported cases of contaminated drinking water and illness among citizens living near fracking sites. Even withRead MoreThe Effects Of Shale Gas On Global Warming And Climate Change And The Environment1658 Words   |  7 PagesSergio Rodriguez Sci. 351A Due: 07-30-15 The Effect of Shale Gas on Global Warming and Climate Change and the Environment Global warming is a very disputed issue due to the fact that in every situation, there are two sides to a story. Some believe global warming is not an issue seeing as there have been trends in the past that indicate that the world changes constantly and that it will once again come to its natural order. Like geologist Charles Lyell once stated with his idea of uniformitarianismRead MoreTwo major world concerns today are the energy crisis and economic instability. Hydrofracking may be1400 Words   |  6 Pagesoil and gas areas which could not be developed previously to be productive. Cooley and Donnelly (2012), experts on global energy policy; state that the world natural gas reserves will be more than enough for the next 130 years, and the latest extraction technology of shale gas can bring a significant contribution to opportunities of gas industry. According to a report by the International Energy Agency (2012), if Europe and Asia countries follow the USA example in the developme nt of shale gas productionRead More Fracking and its Effect on the Environment Essay1464 Words   |  6 PagesOil and natural gas companies have developed a way to drill for natural gas, a process called hydraulic fracturing, also known as fracking. Natural gas is a flammable gas mixture consisting of methane and several other hydrocarbons that occur naturally underground. 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Industry reports (IBISWorld) indicate that the oil and gas industries (e.g., gas extraction, gas field services, natural gas distribution) in Canada are expected to generate revenues of over $56.4bn in 2015. The Canadian Energy Research Institute projects Western Canada’s natural gas sector to add $2.3tn to Canada’s GDP between 2015 and 2035. While, sales are projected to ge nerate $1.4tn in sales and $400bn in taxes, as well as attractRead MoreHydraulic Fracturing And Its Effects On The Environment1087 Words   |  5 Pagesfracturing, also known as fracking, is the process of drilling and injecting fluid into the ground at high pressure in order to fracture shale rocks to release natural gases inside. Many people are referring to fracking as an energy revolution that will last America at least 100 years. What they don’t know is that at the rate we are going, it wont last us 40, and the effects that it has on the environment will make earth’s lifespan shorter too. We need to stop hydraulic fracturing because it is wastefulRead MoreThe Issue Of Hydraulic Fracturing1444 Words   |  6 PagesHydraulic Fracturing One of the hottest new issues that has arisen to the forefront of the battle between environmentalists and the energy industry, where the health of future generations is set against our energy needs and economic growth, is the issue of hydraulic fracturing, or fracking as it is colloquially called. America’s new-found energy independence has been made possible using technology that was only a pipe dream a mere decade ago, slashing the disparity between net imports versus exportsRead MoreHydraulic Fracturing : The Good And The Bad1381 Words   |  6 Pagescombination with advancement in directional drilling has made it possible to economically extract oil and gas from unconventional resources. The growth in U.S. oil and gas exploration and production made possible by the increase in use of hydraulic fracturing, has raised concerns about its potential to impact human health and the environment. Concerns have been raised by the public about the effects of hydraulic fracturing on quality and quantity of drinking water resources. The hydraulic fracturing

Jonathan Edwards And Benjamin Franklin Essay Example For Students

Jonathan Edwards And Benjamin Franklin Essay From their critical assessments on how to improve themselves and to the Americanpublic that they influenced by their writings, Jonathan Edwards and BenjaminFranklin illustrate American themes in their personal narratives thatquintessentially make part of American Literature. Although they lived indifferent times during the early development of the United States of America andwrote for different purposes, they share common themes. Their influence by theirenvironment, individualism, proposals for a better society, and events thataffected their society generate from their writings. By analyzing JonathanEdwards Personal Narrative, Resolutions, Sinnersin the Hands of an Angry God, and selections from Benjamin Franklins TheAutobiography of Benjamin Franklin found in The Heath Anthology of AmericanLiterature: Third Edition Volume One edited by Paul Lauter, the fundamentalthemes in American literature are evident and their individual ideas aredistinctive. These personal narratives reveal the influences of theirenvironment that gave them epiphanies to their closer perfection of themselves. Jonathan Edwards Personal Narrative shows his journey towards acloser relationship to God. His family was followers of the CongregationalistChurch, and from early childhood, he followed a Christian life (Lauter 569). Inthe beginning of his autobiography, Personal Narrative, he saysI had a variety of concerns and exercise about my soul from my childhood;but had two more remarkable seasons of Mckenize 2 awakening, before I met withthat change, by which I was brought to those new dispositions, and that newsense of things, that I have had (Lauter 581). Edwards endures arite of passage, which brings him closer to God. These epiphaniesassisted on his assessment of becoming a better man in the eyes of God andminister to his community. Benjamin Franklin did not hold his family beliefs ofChristianity, but from his early environment, he drew his relationship to God asa Deist. Franklin believed there is a Supreme Being and it is our job todiscover our own reality by reasoning. In his autobiogra phy, he notes severalepiphanies that changed his lifestyle. For example, he regretted his leavingMiss Read for England without pursuing their relationship further. He callsthese regrets or wrongdoings Erratum (Lauter 788). The spiritualityof Franklin and Edwards is distinctive, and their writings reflect theirexperiences and growth of improvement. Franklin as a Deist felt that he createdhis destiny by the decisions he made. His autobiography illustrates his faultsand accomplishments. This openness aims to the audience, the American, in orderfor them to reevaluate themselves and improve from their weaknesses. Franklinwanted Americans to become better Americans. With Edwards beliefs, he felt thatgod predestined every man, and only the elect entered in theafterlife to heaven. He focuses his writing to the Christian audience. His goalis to prepare them to become candidates to be elect and show how theelect can set an example for the rest of the congregation. These menfelt the responsibi lity to live a better life and set the example for every manin their community. As individuals, they constantly contemplate andself-evaluate there position in life and Mckenzie 3 community. In Early AmericanLiterature: A Collection of Critical Essays, the editor Michael T. Gilmorewrites in the introduction, in their minds the Bible wasthe book of history, and typology revealed the developmental pattern of eventsby finding correspondences between the Old and New Testaments (2). Edwardsconstantly places his life according to the bible. He believed like Winthrop,that his community needs to prepare and become a city upon a hill(Gilmore 2). Through his contemplation and goals seen inResolutions, he constantly seeks to improve himself, so he canfulfill Gods plan for a new Holy Land, which is his congregation in NewEngland. His sole concentration was interpreting the Bible and living by itswords. He recorded his goals to improve himself and set an example to hiscommunity. Benjamin Frankli n seeks the same goals as an individual, but hedesires to improve the American man. In Soundings: Some EarlyAmerican Writers, Lewis Leary writes Franklin was the true Americanconstantly redefines himselfnone better represented the simple, noblemenwho lived close to nature faithful to her laws uncontaminated byartificialities of court or town (9, 11). Franklin lists virtues that heintended his audience to try to follow when they chose to improve themselves. Byexplaining that no one can change overnight and work on one vice untilsuccessively conquered, such as chastity, every man can find self-improvementand further contribute to their community (Lauter 810-11). With a diary anddocumenting each vice, Edward sought to overcome his sins, be closer to God, andteach from his experience the necessity to set the best example as one of theelect. With Franklins table of conquering vices, he wanted to becloser to being virtuous. These men documented their progress of theirself-defined resoluti ons in hopes of their community to follow Mckenzie 4 bytheir example. They desire to be influential by their own sacrifices and catchattention and esteem by their community. Edwards and Franklins writingsreflect the political and social separations in their society. While Franklinteaches through writing the events to all Americans for the need for a closersociety after the Revolutionary War, Edward preaches to his congregation theneed to bind together and seek salvation during the time when America redefinedreligion. In, Sinners of an Angry God, Edwards reacts with anger andfierceness to his congregation in the reaction to the GreatAwakening. In his sermon to his church, Edwards theme is to plea the manynot saved and doomed to damnation. He preaches, now you have anextraordinary opportunity, a day wherein Christ has thrown the door of mercywide open (Lauter 602). He pleas to divert the influence of uncertifiedpreachers and stay close to the community and save themselves. His idea of holding a community is by threat of damnation. As Ursula Brumm explains in heressay Jonathan Edwards and Typology, in Early American Literature: ACollection of Critical Essays, Edwards took part heart and soul in theevents of the Great Awakening. He regarded this movement with overwhelmingexpectations in the belief that it marked the beginning of the millennium(71). Edwards felt that the temptations of Satan was the cause of this event,and by force in this sermon, he attempted to hold his congregation during thistest by God who wanted to see who was faithful. Franklin was not as forceful inhis attempt to influence man to become more patriotic. He simply wanted some tofollow the path that he paved. He discusses that the application of his list ofvirtues and how they make man a good citizen. He says its every onesinterest to be virtuous, who wishd to be happy even in this world (Lauter818). His aim is to show men, that Mckenzie 5 literature, like hisautobiography, helps men analyze th eir own errors and correct (Leary 15). Thetheme of rags to riches dominates Franklin autobiography and it is acommon theme used by many American writers. At the time after America won itsindependence, the nation struggled for the identification of a model citizen. Tomato Fishing EssayNot only did Benjamin Franklin love liberty, he also had great skill asa diplomat. In this role, Franklin